RETRACTION POLICY FOR PUBLISHED ARTICLES

Grounds for Retraction

An article may be retracted in cases of confirmed violations of publication ethics, including:

• data falsification or fabrication;
• plagiarism or copyright infringement;
• duplicate publication (simultaneous submission to another journal);
• serious errors affecting the reliability of the results;
• other ethical violations that call into question the scientific value of the article.

Procedure for Considering Retraction Requests

• A request for retraction may be submitted by an author, reader, or member of the Editorial Board.
• The editorial office conducts an investigation of the circumstances and, if necessary, involves independent experts or an ethics committee.
• All parties involved in the process are informed about the progress and outcomes of the review.

Decision-Making

• The decision on retraction is made by the Editorial Board based on verified facts.
• If violations are confirmed, the article is formally retracted, and a retraction notice is published on the journal’s website and in bibliographic databases.

Publication of Retraction Notice

• The notice must include: the title of the article, authors, date of publication, and the reason for retraction.
• The full text of the article remains publicly available with a clear “Retracted” watermark or label to preserve the scholarly record.

Timeline and Notification

The complainant and the authors of the article are informed of the outcome no later than one month from the date the request is received.

Disclaimer

Retraction of an article is not intended as a punishment for authors but as a measure to maintain scientific integrity and the reputation of the journal.