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Abstract
The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the sociocultural concept of personality of K. Horney, one of the key figures of neo-Freudianism. The emphasis is on her contribution to the rethinking of classical psychoanalysis, in particular, in the criticism of biological reductionism and the formation of new ideas about the role of the social context in the development of personality. The main concepts of K. Horney's theory are highlighted: basal anxiety, "vicious circle", basal conflict, the concept of the idealized Self and mechanisms of externalization. Three types of neurotic strategies are analyzed - the movement "towards people", "against people" and "from people", as well as the hidden neuroses of modernity associated with them.
Special attention is paid to the feminist aspect of K. Horney's theory, her polemic with S. Freud's gender positions and the role of cultural guidelines in the formation of gender identity. The significance of K. Horney's theory for modern psychotherapeutic practice is summarized, in particular in working with anxiety disorders, problems of self-determination, narcissistic personality structures and interpersonal conflicts. The article is based on modern research by Ukrainian and foreign authors who interpret K. Horney's legacy in the light of the latest psychodynamic, humanistic and integrative approaches. The relevance of studying her ideas in the context of psychological challenges of the 21st century is substantiated.
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