Upbringing of the communist consciousness of students of pedagogical universities of the USSR іn 1920: activity of circles (on the example of Kamyanets-Podіlskіy IPE)

Abstract

On the basis of archival and published sources and works of domestic historians, the main processes related to the upbringing of the communists Kamyanets-Podіlskіy IPE (1921-1930) were raised as a result of an increase in the background of future teachers of low-income groups, a layer of members of the LCYUU and СP(b)U, the involvement of a significant part of the youth to participate in various ideological circles, combining atheistic nature, where they under the party control were preparing for active social and political activities aimed at supporting the existing political system in the country.

The article states that the creation of ideological circles took place not on a local initiative, but as a result of the communist diktat on the basis of the decisions of the congresses and plenums of the CC SCP(b), the state-administrative bodies, the party structures of different levels responsible for development of the country.

The article shows the growth of Soviet politics of the 1920s century, resulting in higher education institutions penetrated with the spirit of the communist idea. The formation of the Komsomol branch expanded the possibilities of open and official work with teachers, workers and students on their "redevelopment". All center members were forced to take part in the general meeting, to take membership fees, to perform various circular lectures, to perform party orders and much more, which could not but affect the educational and scientific life of higher educational institutions. There were cases of provocative raids on organizations and institutions to check the quality of their work and possible cleansing dissent. It turns out that the work of the "Bezvarnik" (the unbeliever) group of Kamyanets-Podіlskіy IPE holding an anti-religious company to ban celebrations of religious holidays, has changed the spiritual values and turned the population into a bearer of one ideology – communist. The author also tells about the work of scientific, educational and educational groups, which were more political and satisfy the needs of party propaganda in the institutes.

It is noted that the work of the circle in the institutes of the 1920s was the decisive factor in the development of communist ideology. Such a policy could not be isolated from the activity of a higher institution of pedagogical education in Podillya, since such higher educational institutions were tools for the implementation of their ideas in practice.