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У дослідженні розглядається просторово-часова мінливість біокліматичних показників, температур повітря зокрема, у ландшафтних регіонах Карпат з використанням сіткових даних ERA5-Land (1961-2020 рр.). Мінливість виразна у високогірних і низькогірних смугах. Високогірні і середньогірні біокліматичні смуги термічно залежні, тоді як низькогірні зони вразливі до дефіциту опадів. Потепління клімату і зміна антропогенного впливу – ключові чинники ландшафтної сукцесії в Карпатах. Потепління спостерігається протягом усього року, з найменшими значеннями у січні у високогір’ї. Липень став повсюдно теплішим, особливо в Західних Карпатах, що призводить до зменшення площі альпійських і субальпійських ландшафтів. Ландшафти мішаних лісів найстійкіші до біокліматичної мінливості, визначаючи домінування цього ландшафтного регіону у Карпатах. Виявлені закономірності сприятимуть динамічній інтерпретації гірських ландшафтів і вдосконаленні фізико-географічного районування
Bibliografia
Гродзинський, М.Д. (2005). Пізнання ландшафту: місце і простір: монографія. У 2-х т. Київ, Видавничо-поліграфічний центр “Київський університет”. Т.2.
Круглов І. (2008). Делімітація, метризація та класифікація морфогенних екорегіонів Українських Карпат. Укр. геогр. журн., 3, 59–68.
Українські Карпати. Цифрова ландшафтна карта (базовий масштаб 1:500 000). (2016-2017). Автор-укладач Т. Г. Купач, редагування – Л. Ю. Сорокіна. Укладено на основі матеріалів: А. В. Мельник, 1999; Б. П. Муха, 2003; Л. І. Воропай, В. М. Гуцуляк, М. В. Дутчак, М. М. Куниця, П. І. Чернега, 1985; Л. М. Тимуляк, 2007. Київ, Інститут географії НАН України.
Adler, C., P.Wester, I. Bhatt, C. Huggel, G.E. Insarov, M.D. Morecroft, V. Muccione, and A. Prakash (2022). Cross-Chapter Paper 5: Mountains. In: Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [H.-O. Pörtner, D.C. Roberts, M. Tignor, E.S. Poloczanska, K. Mintenbeck, A. Alegría, M. Craig, S. Langsdorf, S. Löschke, V. Möller, A. Okem, B. Rama (eds.)].Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA, pp. 2273–2318, doi:10.1017/9781009325844.022
Bailey, R. G. (2014). Ecoregions: The ecosystem geography of the oceans and continents. In Ecoregions: The Ecosystem Geography of the Oceans and Continents. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0524-9
Beck, H. E., Zimmermann, N. E., McVicar, T. R., Vergopolan, N., Berg, A., & Wood, E. F. (2018). Present and future köppen-geiger climate classification maps at 1-km resolution. Scientific Data, 5. https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.214
Birsan, M.-V., Dumitrescu, A., Micu, D. M., & Cheval, S. (2014). Changes in annual temperature extremes in the Carpathians since AD 1961. Natural Hazards, 74(3), 1899–1910. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-014-1290-5
Budeanu, M., Petritan, A. M., Popescu, F., Vasile, D., & Tudose, N. C. (2016). The Resistance of European Beech (Fagus sylvatica) from the Eastern Natural Limit of Species to Climate Change. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 44(2), 625–633. https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha44210262
Dobiński, W. (2005). Permafrost of the Carpathian and Balkan Mountains, eastern and southeastern Europe. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, 16(4), 395–398. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp.524
Fisher, M. R., Dors̆ner, K., Geddes, A., Theis, T., & Tomkin, J. (2018). Environmental biology. Open Oregon Educational Resources
Hess M (1965) Piętra klimatyczne w polskich Karpatach Zachodnich [Vertical climatic zones in the Polish Western Carpathians]. Zeszyty Naukowe UJ, Prace Geograficzne 11, 1–267 [in Polish]
Hess M (1971) Piętra klimatyczne w Kawrpatach Północnych i Południowych i ich charakterystyka termiczna [Vertical climatic zones in north and south Carpathians and their thermic characteristics]. Folia Geogr Ser Geogr Phy Kraków, 5, 15–23 [in Polish]
Hlásny, T., Trombik, J., Dobor, L., Barcza, Z., & Barka, I. (2016). Future climate of the Carpathians: climate change hot-spots and implications for ecosystems. Regional Environmental Change, 16(5), 1495–1506. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-015-0890-2
IPCC. (2022). Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability Contribution of Working Group II to the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report. SYNTHESIS REPORT OF THE IPCC SIXTH ASSESSMENT REPORT (AR6).
Kholiavchuk, D. (2022). Changes in the atmospheric circulation types over western Ukraine in the 20th-21st centuries. Visnyk Kyivskogo nacionalnogo universytetu imeni Tarasa Shevchenka, Geografiya [Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Geography], 3/4 (84/85), 39-45 (in English, abstr. in Ukrainian), DOI: 10.17721/1728-2721.2022.85.2
Kholiavchuk, D., & Cebulska, M. (2019). The highest monthly precipitation in the area of the Ukrainian and the Polish Carpathian Mountains in the period from 1984 to 2013. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 138(3–4), 1615–1628. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-019-02910-z
Kynal, O., & Kholiavchuk, D. (2016). Climate variability in the mountain river valleys of the Ukrainian Carpathians. Quaternary International, 415, 154–163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2015.12.053
Micu, D. M., Dumitrescu, A., Cheval, S., Nita, I.-A., & Birsan, M.-V. (2021). Temperature changes and elevation-warming relationships in the Carpathian Mountains. International Journal of Climatology, 41(3), 2154–2172. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.6952
Muñoz Sabater, J. (2019). ERA5-Land monthly averaged data from 1950 to present. Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS). DOI: 10.24381/cds.68d2bb30
Niedźwiedź, T. (2012). Climate. In M. and K. A. Lóczy Dénes and Stankoviansky (Ed.), Recent Landform Evolution: The Carpatho-Balkan-Dinaric Region (pp. 19–29). Springer Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2448-8_2
Pepin, N. C., Arnone, E., Gobiet, A., Haslinger, K., Kotlarski, S., Notarnicola, C., Palazzi, E., Seibert, P., Serafin, S., Schöner, W., Terzago, S., Thornton, J. M., Vuille, M., & Adler, C. (2022). Climate Changes and Their Elevational Patterns in the Mountains of the World. In Reviews of Geophysics (Vol. 60, Issue 1). https://doi.org/10.1029/2020RG000730
Pörtner, H.-O., D.C. Roberts, H. Adams … Z. Zaiton Ibrahim (2022). Technical Summary. [H.-O. Pörtner, D.C. Roberts, E.S. Poloczanska, K. Mintenbeck, M. Tignor, A. Alegría, M. Craig, S. Langsdorf, S. Löschke, V. Möller, A. Okem (eds.)]. In: Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [H.-O. Pörtner, D.C. Roberts, M. Tignor, E.S. Poloczanska, K. Mintenbeck, A. Alegría, M. Craig, S. Langsdorf, S. Löschke, V. Möller, A. Okem, B. Rama (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge,UK and New York, NY, USA, pp. 37–118, doi:10.1017/9781009325844.002.
Ronikier, M. (2011). Biogeography of high-mountain plants in the Carpathians: An emerging phylogeographical perspective. In Taxon (Vol. 60, Issue 2). https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.602008
Sayre, R. (2014). A New Map of Global Ecological Land Units — An Ecophysiographic Stratification Approach. A New Map of Global Ecological Land Units — An Ecophysiographic Stratification Approach.
Sayre, R., Frye, C., Karagulle, D., Krauer, J., Breyer, S., Aniello, P., Wright, D. J., Payne, D., Adler, C., Warner, H., Vansistine, D. P., & Cress, J. (2018). A new high-resolution map of world mountains and an online tool for visualizing and comparing characterizations of global mountain distributions. Mountain Research and Development, 38(3). https://doi.org/10.1659/MRD-JOURNAL-D-17-00107.1
Schurman, J. S., Babst, F., Björklund, J., Rydval, M., Bače, R., Čada, V., Janda, P., Mikolas, M., Saulnier, M., Trotsiuk, V., & Svoboda, M. (2019). The climatic drivers of primary Picea forest growth along the Carpathian arc are changing under rising temperatures. Global Change Biology, 25(9), 3136–3150. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14721
Shvidenko, A., Buksha, I., Krakovska, S., & Lakyda, P. (2017). Vulnerability of Ukrainian forests to climate change. Sustainability (Switzerland), 9(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/su9071152
Walanus, A., Cebulska, M., & Twardosz, R. (2021). Long-Term Variability Pattern of Monthly and Annual Atmospheric Precipitation in the Polish Carpathian Mountains and Their Foreland (1881–2018). Pure and Applied Geophysics, 178(2), 633–650. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-021-02663-9
Wouters, H., (2021). Downscaled bioclimatic indicators for selected regions from 1979 to 2018 derived from reanalysis. Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS). DOI: 10.24381/cds.fe90a594
References
Adler, C., P.Wester, I. Bhatt, C. Huggel, G.E. Insarov, M.D. Morecroft, V. Muccione, and A. Prakash (2022). Cross-Chapter Paper 5: Mountains. In: Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [H.-O. Pörtner, D.C. Roberts, M. Tignor, E.S. Poloczanska, K. Mintenbeck, A. Alegría, M. Craig, S. Langsdorf, S. Löschke, V. Möller, A. Okem, B. Rama (eds.)].Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA, pp. 2273–2318, doi:10.1017/9781009325844.022
Bailey, R. G. (2014). Ecoregions: The ecosystem geography of the oceans and continents. In Ecoregions: The Ecosystem Geography of the Oceans and Continents. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0524-9
Beck, H. E., Zimmermann, N. E., McVicar, T. R., Vergopolan, N., Berg, A., & Wood, E. F. (2018). Present and future köppen-geiger climate classification maps at 1-km resolution. Scientific Data, 5. https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.214
Birsan, M.-V., Dumitrescu, A., Micu, D. M., & Cheval, S. (2014). Changes in annual temperature extremes in the Carpathians since AD 1961. Natural Hazards, 74(3), 1899–1910. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-014-1290-5
Budeanu, M., Petritan, A. M., Popescu, F., Vasile, D., & Tudose, N. C. (2016). The Resistance of European Beech (Fagus sylvatica) from the Eastern Natural Limit of Species to Climate Change. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 44(2), 625–633. https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha44210262
Dobiński, W. (2005). Permafrost of the Carpathian and Balkan Mountains, eastern and southeastern Europe. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, 16(4), 395–398. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp.524
Fisher, M. R., Dors̆ner, K., Geddes, A., Theis, T., & Tomkin, J. (2018). Environmental biology. Open Oregon Educational Resources.
Hess M (1965) Piętra klimatyczne w polskich Karpatach Zachodnich [Vertical climatic zones in the Polish Western Carpathians]. Zeszyty Naukowe UJ, Prace Geograficzne 11, 1–267 [in Polish]
Hess M (1971) Piętra klimatyczne w Kawrpatach Północnych i Południowych i ich charakterystyka termiczna [Vertical climatic zones in north and south Carpathians and their thermic characteristics]. Folia Geogr Ser Geogr Phy Kraków, 5, 15–23 [in Polish]
Hlásny, T., Trombik, J., Dobor, L., Barcza, Z., & Barka, I. (2016). Future climate of the Carpathians: climate change hot-spots and implications for ecosystems. Regional Environmental Change, 16(5), 1495–1506. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-015-0890-2
Hrodzynskyi, M.D. (2005). Piznannia landshaftu: mistse i prostir: monohrafiia. [Knowledge of the landscape: place and space: Monograph] U 2-kh t. Kyiv, Vydavnycho-polihrafichnyi tsentr “Kyivskyi universytet”. T.2. [in Ukrainian]
IPCC. (2022). Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability Contribution of Working Group II to the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report. SYNTHESIS REPORT OF THE IPCC SIXTH ASSESSMENT REPORT (AR6).
Kholiavchuk, D. (2022). Changes in the atmospheric circulation types over western Ukraine in the 20th-21st centuries. Visnyk Kyivskogo nacionalnogo universytetu imeni Tarasa Shevchenka, Geografiya [Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Geography], 3/4 (84/85), 39-45 (in English, abstr. in Ukrainian), DOI: 10.17721/1728-2721.2022.85.2
Kholiavchuk, D., & Cebulska, M. (2019). The highest monthly precipitation in the area of the Ukrainian and the Polish Carpathian Mountains in the period from 1984 to 2013. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 138(3–4), 1615–1628. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-019-02910-z
Kruhlov I. (2008). Delimitatsiia, metryzatsiia ta klasyfikatsiia morfohennykh ekorehioniv Ukrainskykh Karpat. [Вelimitation, metrisation and classification of morphogenic ecoregions for the Ukrainian Carpathians]. Ukr. heohr. zhurn., 3, 59–68. [in Ukrainian]
Kynal, O., & Kholiavchuk, D. (2016). Climate variability in the mountain river valleys of the Ukrainian Carpathians. Quaternary International, 415, 154–163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2015.12.053
Micu, D. M., Dumitrescu, A., Cheval, S., Nita, I.-A., & Birsan, M.-V. (2021). Temperature changes and elevation-warming relationships in the Carpathian Mountains. International Journal of Climatology, 41(3), 2154–2172. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.6952
Muñoz Sabater, J. (2019). ERA5-Land monthly averaged data from 1950 to present. Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS). DOI: 10.24381/cds.68d2bb30
Niedźwiedź, T. (2012). Climate. In M. and K. A. Lóczy Dénes and Stankoviansky (Ed.), Recent Landform Evolution: The Carpatho-Balkan-Dinaric Region (pp. 19–29). Springer Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2448-8_2
Pepin, N. C., Arnone, E., Gobiet, A., Haslinger, K., Kotlarski, S., Notarnicola, C., Palazzi, E., Seibert, P., Serafin, S., Schöner, W., Terzago, S., Thornton, J. M., Vuille, M., & Adler, C. (2022). Climate Changes and Their Elevational Patterns in the Mountains of the World. In Reviews of Geophysics, 60 (1). https://doi.org/10.1029/2020RG000730
Pörtner, H.-O., D.C. Roberts, H. Adams … Z. Zaiton Ibrahim (2022). Technical Summary. [H.-O. Pörtner, D.C. Roberts, E.S. Poloczanska, K. Mintenbeck, M. Tignor, A. Alegría, M. Craig, S. Langsdorf, S. Löschke, V. Möller, A. Okem (eds.)]. In: Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [H.-O. Pörtner, D.C. Roberts, M. Tignor, E.S. Poloczanska, K. Mintenbeck, A. Alegría, M. Craig, S. Langsdorf, S. Löschke, V. Möller, A. Okem, B. Rama (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge,UK and New York, NY, USA, pp. 37–118, doi:10.1017/9781009325844.002.
Ronikier, M. (2011). Biogeography of high-mountain plants in the Carpathians: An emerging phylogeographical perspective. In Taxon, 60(2). https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.602008
Sayre, R. (2014). A New Map of Global Ecological Land Units – An Ecophysiographic Stratification Approach. A New Map of Global Ecological Land Units – An Ecophysiographic Stratification Approach.
Sayre, R., Frye, C., Karagulle, D., Krauer, J., Breyer, S., Aniello, P., Wright, D. J., Payne, D., Adler, C., Warner, H., Vansistine, D. P., & Cress, J. (2018). A new high-resolution map of world mountains and an online tool for visualizing and comparing characterizations of global mountain distributions. Mountain Research and Development, 38(3). https://doi.org/10.1659/MRD-JOURNAL-D-17-00107.1
Schurman, J. S., Babst, F., Björklund, J., Rydval, M., Bače, R., Čada, V., Janda, P., Mikolas, M., Saulnier, M., Trotsiuk, V., & Svoboda, M. (2019). The climatic drivers of primary Picea forest growth along the Carpathian arc are changing under rising temperatures. Global Change Biology, 25(9), 3136–3150. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14721
Shvidenko, A., Buksha, I., Krakovska, S., & Lakyda, P. (2017). Vulnerability of Ukrainian forests to climate change. Sustainability (Switzerland), 9(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/su9071152
Ukrainski Karpaty. Tsyfrova landshaftna karta (bazovyi masshtab 1:500000). (2016-2017) [The Ukrainian Carpathians. Digital landscape map (basic scale 1:500000]. Avtor-ukladach T. H. Kupach, redahuvannia – L. Yu. Sorokina. Ukladeno na osnovi materialiv: A. V. Melnyk, 1999; B. P. Mukha, 2003; L. I. Voropai, V. M. Hutsuliak, M. V. Dutchak, M. M. Kunytsia, P. I. Cherneha, 1985; L. M. Tymuliak, 2007. Kyiv, Instytut heohrafii NAN Ukrainy. [in Ukrainian].
Walanus, A., Cebulska, M., & Twardosz, R. (2021). Long-Term Variability Pattern of Monthly and Annual Atmospheric Precipitation in the Polish Carpathian Mountains and Their Foreland (1881–2018). Pure and Applied Geophysics, 178(2), 633–650. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-021-02663-9
Wouters, H., (2021). Downscaled bioclimatic indicators for selected regions from 1979 to 2018 derived from reanalysis. Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS). DOI: 10.24381/cds.fe90a594
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Prawa autorskie (c) 2023 Дарія Іванівна Холявчук