A comprehensive approach to classifying football techniques and tactics

Abstract

Topicality. The completeness and systematicity of the content of the classification of football techniques and tactics directly determines the quality of planning and implementation of the process of technical and tactical training. However, to this day in Ukrainian football, training in game (technical and tactical) sports activities does not meet modern requirements due to the strict differentiation of motor (technical) and mental (tactical) components in the process of its development. One of the directions for solving this problem is the use of a integrated approach to the systematization of the concepts of football techniques and tactics in the process of improving their classification.

The purpose of the study is to implement a integrated approach to classifying the concepts of football technique and tactics.

Material and methods of the study. The research was conducted in two stages during 2024-2025. In 2024, based on literature sources, modern approaches to the classification of the concepts of football technique and tactics were summarized. In 2025, based on a integrated approach, a classification of football technique and tactics was developed.

Results of the study. In the set of concepts of football technique and tactics, two sections (subsets) are distinguished: “Individual technical-tactical activity” and “Collective tactical activity”. In the subset “Individual technical-tactical activity” the following subgroups are distinguished: “Technical-tactical actions of a field player” and “Technical-tactical actions of a goalkeeper”. In the subset “Collective tactical activity” the following subgroups are distinguished: “Group tactical actions” and “Team tactical actions”. In separate subgroups, groups of actions, individual actions, techniques and methods of their execution in the attack and defense phases are distinguished.

The visual presentation of the classified material is designed to ensure a holistic perception of the system of knowledge about football technique and tactics, which is especially important in the process of their mastery.

Conclusions. The proposed classification, in particular of individual technical and tactical actions of football players, is designed to change the generally accepted approach to the separation of the processes of teaching technical techniques and individual tactical actions. The need to combine these processes by unifying teaching methods is obvious, which will allow to increase the level of specificity of the applied educational and training means (according to age capabilities) and reduce the total volume of training loads.