Scientific Papers of the Vinnytsia Mykhailo Kotsyiubynskyi State Pedagogical University Series History
type: channel
description: The journal covers current problems of history of Ukraine, World history, historical local history, ethnology, historiography, source studies, theories and methodologies of history, the most modern monographic works in the field of historical sciences are reviewed. The publication is designed for scientists, ethnographers, teachers, postgraduates, students, everyone who seek to get a solid knowledge of the theoretical and applied nature of history. By the decision of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine this journal is included in the list of scientific professional editions (category B) in which the results of dissertations on historical sciences can be published. (Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine No.409 dated 17/03/2020).
publisher: Вінницький державний педагогічний університет імені Михайла Коцюбинського
language: en
publication name: Scientific Papers of the Vinnytsia Mykhailo Kotsyiubynskyi State Pedagogical University Series History
issn: 2411-2143
items: History as a political weapon in the modern multipolar world: challenges for Ukraine (reflections of a historian and a politician)
items: Imperial expansionism and the prospects for the decline of Russia: a historical and political analysis
items: Visual symbols of the Russian invasion of Ukraine and their deconstruction in Perets Vesela Respublika magazine cartoons (2022 – 2024)
items: The European identity of Ukrainians: origins and transformations in a historical perspective
items: The ideological evolution of the Conservative and Labour parties of the United Kingdom with respect to european integration (1970–2016): a comparative analysis
items: The New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD) in the global system: origins, goals and implementation mechanisms
items: Documentary evidence of soviet repression in Azerbaijan 1920–1950
items: Rural medicine in the Podillia governorate under the conditions of the new economic policy (1921–1925)
items: https://intranet.vspu.edu.ua/nzhist/index.php/nzhist/article/view/1170
items: The genesis of the professional technical education system in Poland in the 16th – 19th centuries within the general context of European socio-economic changes
items: Between return and sovietization: the struggle of the Berehove jewish community for the Great synagogue (1945–1969)
items: The "soviet-style" principle of church-state separation: based on an analysis of top-secret documents of the State Political Directorate (GPU) and the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Ukraine CP(b)U
items: Ukrainian topics on the pages of official publications of the universities of Kyiv, Kharkiv and Odessa: the second half of the 19th – the beginning of the 20th century
items: The transformation of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Lithuania, 1990 – 2025: personnel and structure
items: Market reforms in Ukraine’s agriculture: historiography of the issue
items: Mosaics in the design of bus stops in Soviet Ukraine (late 1960s – early 1990s): historical and cultural context
items: Abuse of power by the bolshevik-soviet leadership at the district level in 1946 (a case study of Vinnytsia region)
items: Education of the Jewish population of Podillia in the 19th century
items: Cossacks and monarchs: the Zaporozhians at the dawn of «Sich» history
items: https://intranet.vspu.edu.ua/nzhist/index.php/nzhist/article/view/1165
items: https://intranet.vspu.edu.ua/nzhist/index.php/nzhist/article/view/1185
items: The struggle for the hetman's mace after the death of Ivan Skoropadsky (1722–1727)
items: Reception of Mykhailo Hrushevskyi's "History of Ukraine-Rus" in modern Ukrainian historiography
items: Where is the police?: large and small escapes of employees of the internal affairs organizations of the Ukrainian SSR in 1985–1991
items: The position of the People's Republic of China on the russian-ukrainian war: foreign policy concepts and strategic interests
items: Russian propaganda narratives against Ukraine: cognitive structure and strategic functions (2014–2025)
items: Commemorative coins of Ukraine (1999–2005) in the transformation of the memory discourse of the “Great Patriotic War”
items: Transformation of organisational learning in the German Armed Forces: from the Imperial Army to the Bundeswehr (1914–2024)
items: The position of the roman catholic church in Vinnytsia region in the late 1940s – early 1950s (based on reports of the regional council for religious affairs)
items: The activities of anti-Soviet emigration in the Prometheus organizationin 1928–1939

History as a political weapon in the modern multipolar world: challenges for Ukraine (reflections of a historian and a politician)
type: item
description: Section: Original articles Keywords: global history, recent history, the current Russian-Ukrainian war, international security, the instrumentalization of history, collective consciousness, public culture The purpose of this article is to provide a systematic analysis of the range of challenges facing Ukraine in a global and multipolar world since February 24, 2022. The methodology relies on interdisciplinary methods and concepts drawn from global history, sociology, and political science. Scientific novelty. The article examines the recent history of Ukraine within the dimensions of national and global history. It explores key transformations in the historical and cultural consciousness of society. It analyzes the conceptual foundations of the political course of the Donald Trump administration in the context of historical traditions of U.S. foreign policy. The instrumentalization of history as a kind of political weapon circulating in Russian ideological, cultural, and mass media discourses is demonstrated. The Russian strategy for legitimizing aggressive foreign policy, primarily the Russian Federation’s aggression against Ukraine, is outlined. Conclusions. It is demonstrated that contemporary public culture is shaped by the influence of diverse mass media technologies and tools. It is emphasized that such technological transformation of collective memory, particularly of the past, gives rise to a wide range of risks, dangers, contradictions, and conflicts. It is shown that both historical traditions and their destructive revisions exert a significant influence on the geopolitical actors of the modern global world. The role of political culture and its historical components in preventing conflict situations and critical states of social existence has been clarified. It has been noted that it is precisely the dynamic balance between political culture, memory politics, and cultural and educational policies that enables the formation of a vibrant civil society.
subject: Original articles
  topic: section
subject: global history
  topic: keywords
subject: recent history
  topic: keywords
subject: the current Russian-Ukrainian war
  topic: keywords
subject: international security
  topic: keywords
subject: the instrumentalization of history
  topic: keywords
subject: collective consciousness
  topic: keywords
subject: public culture
  topic: keywords
creator: Volodymyr M. Lytvyn
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Copyright Holder Not Found https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2026-06-01
publication date: 2026-06-01
starting page: 206
ending page: 214
doi: 10.31652/2411-2143-2026-56-206-214

Imperial expansionism and the prospects for the decline of Russia: a historical and political analysis
type: item
description: Section: Original articles Keywords: geopolitical revenge, imperial policy, the collapse of Russia, the Russian-Ukrainian war, territorial expansion, the West The purpose of the article is to analyze the reasons for the expansionist policy of the Russian Federation, based on the Russian imperial tradition and the potential capabilities of the leading Western powers to counteract Moscow's desire to revise the results of the Cold War. The methodology of the research is based on a combination of general scientific (analysis, synthesis, generalization) and special historical (historical-genetic, historical-typological, historical-systemic) methods with the principles of historicism, systematicity, scientificity and verification. The article also uses methods of historical analogies and political forecasting. The latter, in particular, is suitable for predicting the possible decline of the Russian Federation as an imperial entity. Scientific novelty of the work. The authors believe that the revival of Russian expansionism in the post-Soviet space became possible due to the actual indulgence of the West, led by the USA, to the policy of Russian imperial revenge, the beginning of which should be the restoration of the Soviet Union within the borders of 1991. The result of the West's loyal attitude to Russian geostrategic plans was not only the wars of the Russian Federation in the post-Soviet space, but also the conviction of the Russian authorities to assist the administration of US President D. Trump in returning Russia to the status of an influential international actor. The basis for such a policy of the Russian Federation is the history of US-Russian relations over the past 100 years. However, as the history of the collapse of the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union has shown, such a US policy does not guarantee the preservation of Russia as an empire. The authors are convinced that the final decline of the Russian Empire can be led to the defeat of Russia in the war …
subject: Original articles
  topic: section
subject: geopolitical revenge, imperial policy, the collapse of Russia, the Russian-Ukrainian war, territorial expansion, the West
  topic: keywords
creator: Mykola S. Doroshko
creator: Oleksander V. Alekseichenko
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Copyright Holder Not Found https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2026-06-01
publication date: 2026-06-01
starting page: 196
ending page: 205
doi: 10.31652/2411-2143-2026-56-196-205

Visual symbols of the Russian invasion of Ukraine and their deconstruction in Perets Vesela Respublika magazine cartoons (2022 – 2024)
type: item
description: Section: Original articles Keywords: Perets Vesela Respublika magazine, 21st century history, cartoon, propaganda, Russian-Ukrainian war, ‘V’ symbol, ‘Z’ symbol The purpose of the article is to examine the historical deployment of ‘Z’ and ‘V’ symbols as propaganda tools to legitimize the invasion of Ukraine. It traces their functional evolution and analyzes the unique strategies of ideological deconstruction employed within Ukrainian political cartooning to neutralize these symbols. The methodological framework for analyzing the symbolic content of ‘Z’ and ‘V’ symbols and their reception relies on W. J. T. Mitchell’s theories regarding the social life of images. Following Mitchell, this study interprets the ridicule of these symbols in Ukrainian cartoons as active iconoclasm. This strategy neutralizes ideological threats by dismantling the fear that their visual power inspires. Furthermore, Nicholas Mirzoeff’s concept of visuality serves as the basis for explaining how ‘Z’ and ‘V’ exert control over Russian citizens, while framing their deconstruction in cartoons as a tactical resistance to the totalizing power of visuality during wartime. The scientific novelty of this research consists of a comprehensive analysis of ‘Z’ and ‘V’ symbols throughout their entire trajectory: from their emergence as tools of Russian military mobilization to their ideological degradation and symbolic destruction within the pages of Perets Vesela Respublika magazine. This study unravels the specific mechanisms of deconstruction that transform these propaganda markers into objects of ridicule. Conclusions. The ‘Z’ and ‘V’ symbols originated without any inherent ideological or cultural-historical foundation. Their semantic vacuum, coupled with aggressive state popularization, transformed these signs into primitive yet potent instruments of mobilization. Consequently, the Russian authorities weaponized this visual simplicity to exert control over the public consciousness during the invasion…
subject: Original articles
  topic: section
subject: Perets Vesela Respublika magazine
  topic: keywords
subject: 21st century history
  topic: keywords
subject: cartoon
  topic: keywords
subject: propaganda
  topic: keywords
subject: Russian-Ukrainian war
  topic: keywords
subject: ‘V’ symbol
  topic: keywords
subject: ‘Z’ symbol
  topic: keywords
creator: Liliia Yu. Pytlovana
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Copyright Holder Not Found https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2026-06-01
publication date: 2026-06-01
starting page: 179
ending page: 187
doi: 10.31652/2411-2143-2026-56-179-187

The European identity of Ukrainians: origins and transformations in a historical perspective
type: item
description: Section: Original articles Keywords: European identity, Ukrainian society, social constructivism, the concept of imagined communities, European integration, democratic transformations The purpose of the article is to analyse the historical evolution and transformation of Ukrainian European identity, adopting a longue durée perspective and the mechanisms through which ideas of Europeanness were constructed, transmitted, and reinterpreted across different historical periods. Research methodology. The study is based on an interdisciplinary methodological framework that combines historical analysis with the theory of social constructivism and the concept of imagined communities. It demonstrates that an interdisciplinary approach enables the reconstruction of the historical origins and transformations of identity and the assessment of its impact on contemporary cultural and political orientations, as well as social relations in Ukraine . The application of social constructivist theories and the concept of imagined communities explains how Ukrainians perceived themselves as part of the European cultural space in various historical configurations. Scientific novelty. The novelty of the study is the understanding of European identity as a historically shaped and evolving phenomenon based on earlier political, cultural, and civilizational interactions with Europe, rather than as a result of contemporary European integration. Accordingly, the research provides a comprehensive perspective on identity analysis by uniting regional, social, intellectual factors within a European historical context. Conclusions. The study demonstrates that Ukrainian European identity emerged under both internal and external influences and was formed through historical events that involved inclusion and exclusion in European political and cultural domains. Therefore, the process of identity formation involves three dimensions, which include political, cultural, and value-based elements that people …
subject: Original articles
  topic: section
subject: European identity
  topic: keywords
subject: Ukrainian society
  topic: keywords
subject: social constructivism
  topic: keywords
subject: the concept of imagined communities
  topic: keywords
subject: European integration
  topic: keywords
subject: democratic transformations
  topic: keywords
creator: Marharyta V. Chabanna
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Vinnitsa Mykhailo Kotsyiubynskyi State Pedagogical University. Series: History https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2026-06-01
publication date: 2026-06-01
starting page: 188
ending page: 195
doi: 10.31652/2411-2143-2026-56-188-195

The ideological evolution of the Conservative and Labour parties of the United Kingdom with respect to european integration (1970–2016): a comparative analysis
type: item
description: Section: Original articles Keywords: Euroscepticism, Conservative Party, Labour Party, European integration, Brexit, Margaret Thatcher This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the ideological evolution of the Conservative Party and the Labour Party of the United Kingdom concerning European integration over the period 1970–2016 and seeks to explain the causes of their diametrically opposed transformations. The methodology is grounded in general scientific principles of historicism, objectivity, scholarly rigour, and systematic analysis. The study employs civilisational, socio-historical, institutional, and micro-historical approaches. The source base comprises doctrinal party documents, speeches by leading political actors, statistical reports, public opinion data, and the results of referendums. The article’s original contribution lies in its analysis of the process of ideological evolution of the Conservative and Labour parties of the United Kingdom with respect to European integration from 1970 to 2016. It also characterises the key stages of this process, which led to a reversal of positions: from the pragmatic pro-Europeanism of the Conservatives and the radical Euroscepticism of the Labour Party in the 1970s to the deeply entrenched Euroscepticism of the former and the moderate pro-European stance of the latter on the eve of the 2016 referendum. Conclusions. The ideological evolution of the Conservative and Labour parties of the United Kingdom regarding European integration during 1970–2016 was shaped by two principal factors. First, the European issue was systematically instrumentalised to address domestic political challenges. Second, the evolution of the European Union from an economic to a political union elicited contrasting responses, alienating Conservatives while attracting Labour. Additionally, the article demonstrates that the consequences of this ideological evolution were markedly different for each party: for the Labour Party, the shift to…
subject: Original articles
  topic: section
subject: Euroscepticism
  topic: keywords
subject: Conservative Party
  topic: keywords
subject: Labour Party
  topic: keywords
subject: European integration
  topic: keywords
subject: Brexit
  topic: keywords
subject: Margaret Thatcher
  topic: keywords
creator: Vladylena V. Sokyrska
creator: Vadym A. Dehtiarov
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Scientific Notes of Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi Vinnytsia State Pedagogical University. Series: History. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2026-06-01
publication date: 2026-06-01
starting page: 130
ending page: 142
doi: 10.31652/2411-2143-2026-56-130-142

The New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD) in the global system: origins, goals and implementation mechanisms
type: item
description: Section: Original articles Keywords: NEPAD, African Union, infrastructure projects, CAADP, PIDA, APRM, regional integration, Agenda 2063, sustainable development The purpose of the article is to analyse the history of the establishment, objectives, and implementation mechanisms of the New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD), examining its conceptual foundations, key programmes (CAADP, PIDA, APRM), and the assessment of its practical effectiveness in the context of contemporary global and regional challenges. The methodological framework is based on the principles of systemic, institutional, and comparative analysis, which makes it possible to trace the interrelationship between NEPAD’s objectives and the mechanisms of their practical implementation, as well as to assess the initiative’s actual impact on the development of the African continent. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the comprehensive combination of historical analysis with an evaluation of NEPAD’s contemporary mechanisms as an instrument of Africa’s global integration. For the first time, the interconnection between the political, economic, and social dimensions of the programme is systematised; the key implementation challenges are identified; and the role of NEPAD in the development of governance practices, infrastructure, and the socio-economic progress of the continent is emphasised. The conclusions demonstrate that NEPAD represents an important continental development instrument aimed at enhancing economic stability, integrating African countries into the global economy, and strengthening political cooperation. The programme ensures the coordination of major strategic initiatives such as CAADP, PIDA, and APRM, thereby enabling a comprehensive approach to development challenges and the implementation of socio-economic reforms. At the same time, the effectiveness of NEPAD is constrained by a number of factors, including insufficient financial resources, inadequate coordination betwe…
subject: Original articles
  topic: section
subject: NEPAD
  topic: keywords
subject: African Union
  topic: keywords
subject: infrastructure projects
  topic: keywords
subject: CAADP
  topic: keywords
subject: PIDA
  topic: keywords
subject: APRM
  topic: keywords
subject: regional integration
  topic: keywords
subject: Agenda 2063
  topic: keywords
subject: sustainable development
  topic: keywords
creator: Zinaida V. Svyaschenko
creator: Olena M. Skrypnyk
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Scientific Notes of Mykhailo Kotsiubynsky VSPU. Series: History. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2026-06-01
publication date: 2026-06-01
starting page: 170
ending page: 178
doi: 10.31652/2411-2143-2026-56-170-178

Documentary evidence of soviet repression in Azerbaijan 1920–1950
type: item
description: Section: Original articles Keywords: Soviet repression, Azerbaijan, NKVD, archival documents, political violence, Great Terror, Stalinist policy The purpose of this article is to analyze the evolution, mechanisms, and socio-political consequences of Soviet repression in Azerbaijan between 1920 and 1950 based on previously underexplored archival materials. The study seeks to identify the institutional logic of repression, the role of Soviet security bodies in restructuring political and cultural life, and the regional features that distinguished Azerbaijan from other Soviet republics. The research methodology is grounded in the principles of historicism, scientific objectivity, and systematic analysis. To address the research objectives, the study employs historiographical analysis, source-critical examination, chronological and problem-oriented approaches, and descriptive analysis. The empirical base consists of interrogation protocols, internal correspondence, operational reports, and administrative directives preserved in various fonds of the Azerbaijan Republic State Archive. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the reinterpretation of Soviet repression in Azerbaijan through a comprehensive synthesis of archival evidence that has remained insufficiently studied. The research identifies regional characteristics in investigative practices, ideological narratives, and local adaptations of all-Union directives, demonstrating how central policies were implemented at the republican level. The findings show that Soviet repression in Azerbaijan developed through several stages, including early Sovietization, the Great Terror, and the post-war period of ideological control. These processes led to the elimination of political elites, the transformation of intellectual life, and the restructuring of social institutions. The archival materials reveal that repression functioned not only as a tool of political violence but also as a long-term mechanism of social and cul…
subject: Original articles
  topic: section
subject: Soviet repression
  topic: keywords
subject: Azerbaijan
  topic: keywords
subject: NKVD
  topic: keywords
subject: archival documents
  topic: keywords
subject: political violence
  topic: keywords
subject: Great Terror
  topic: keywords
subject: Stalinist policy
  topic: keywords
creator: Gular Ajdarzadeh Ilham
creator: Vusala Movlayeva Alijan
creator: Sama Suleymanova Seymur
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Copyright Holder Not Found https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2026-06-01
publication date: 2026-06-01
starting page: 97
ending page: 103
doi: 10.31652/2411-2143-2026-56-97-103

Rural medicine in the Podillia governorate under the conditions of the new economic policy (1921–1925)
type: item
description: Section: Original articles Keywords: epidemiological situation, medical network, medical staff, sanitary condition, rural medicine, healthcare, Podillia The aim of the article is to reconstruct, based on archival materials, a holistic picture of the functioning of the medical sector in a Podillia village in the 1920s, to identify the specifics of regional challenges and the effectiveness of the Soviet health care model in overcoming the consequences of the humanitarian crisis in the Podillia region. Research methodology. The research was based on the principles of historicism and objectivity, as well as general scientific (analysis, synthesis, logical, generalization), special methods of historical science (historical-comparative, problem-chronological, historical-systemic, historical-legal, historical-genetic). The objective and comprehensive coverage of the problem was facilitated by a historical-anthropological approach based on the study of medicine not simply as a system of institutions, but as the experience of survival of a particular person in conditions of socio-political changes. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the use of archival materials that allowed us to recreate the real state of rural medicine in Podillya against the background of the formation of a new structure of medical care in the countryside, as well as in carrying out a holistic analysis of the functioning of the medical sector of the region in close connection with the socio-economic processes of that time. Conclusions. The beginning of the 1920s was a time of contradictory restoration of medicine in the Podillya countryside from complete decline after the First World War and the Civil War to attempts to build a system of “socialist health care”. It can be stated that this period was characterized by a paradoxical combination: on the one hand, the ideologisation of medicine and a chronic shortage of resources, on the other, the laying of the foundation for systematic methods of c…
subject: Original articles
  topic: section
subject: epidemiological situation
  topic: keywords
subject: medical network
  topic: keywords
subject: medical staff
  topic: keywords
subject: sanitary condition
  topic: keywords
subject: rural medicine
  topic: keywords
subject: healthcare
  topic: keywords
subject: Podillia
  topic: keywords
creator: Olena O. Stadnyk
creator: Nataliia P. Kuzminets
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Vinnitsia Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi State Pedagogical University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2026-06-01
publication date: 2026-06-01
starting page: 75
ending page: 85
doi: 10.31652/2411-2143-2026-56-75-85

https://intranet.vspu.edu.ua/nzhist/index.php/nzhist/article/view/1170
type: item
title: Jewish political parties in the focus of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine during the second bolshevik occupation of Ukraine (january – august 1919): an analysis of Politburo minutes
description: Section: Original articles Keywords: Jewish political parties, CC CP(b)U, Politburo, Kombund, Poalei Zion, internationalism, assimilation, second Bolshevik occupation of Ukraine, 1919 The aim of the study is to examine the policy of the Central Committee of the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Ukraine toward Jewish political forces during the second Bolshevik occupation of Ukrainian territory (January – August 1919). The methodology is based on a comprehensive analysis of primary archival sources – the minutes of the Politburo of the CC CP(b)U meetings from April to August 1919. The chronological approach to the presentation of the material allows for a reconstruction o f the evolution of the party leadership’s policy toward Jewish parties and organisations. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the systematic introduction into scholarly circ u l ati on of previously little-known Politburo minutes of the CC CP(b)U, which enable the tracing of the internal dynamics of policy toward Jewish political forces. For the first time, the study comprehensively reveals the specific features of the Bolshevik v e rsi on of internationalism in Ukraine under the conditions of War Communism in 1919. The conclusions establish that the policy of the CC CP(b)U toward Jewish political parties in 1919 aimed at their complete organizational integration into the CP(b)U witho u t p reserving autonomous national structures. The « Jewish vector » of Bolshe vik policy in Ukraine in 1919 became not only a test of the strength of their internationalism but also a vivid example of how declared « ideological purity » came into conflict with t he realities of armed struggle for power and mass violence. This policy in itiated the process of dissolving left-wing Jewish parties (in particular, the Kombund and the left wing of Poalei Zion) into the CP(b)U, creating prerequisites for their full abso r p tio n in subsequent years and laying the groundwork for the « korenizatsiia » practice of the 19…
subject: Original articles
  topic: section
subject: Jewish political parties
  topic: keywords
subject: CC CP(b)U
  topic: keywords
subject: Politburo
  topic: keywords
subject: Kombund
  topic: keywords
subject: Poalei Zion
  topic: keywords
subject: internationalism
  topic: keywords
subject: assimilation
  topic: keywords
subject: second Bolshevik occupation of Ukraine
  topic: keywords
subject: 1919
  topic: keywords
creator: Oleksandr I. Pohuliaiev
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Copyright Holder Not Found https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2026-06-01
publication date: 2026-06-01
starting page: 68
ending page: 74
doi: 10.31652/2411-2143-2026-56-68-74

The genesis of the professional technical education system in Poland in the 16th – 19th centuries within the general context of European socio-economic changes
type: item
description: Section: Original articles Keywords: historical and pedagogical analysis, Poland, industrial development, vocational education, professional technical education The study purpose is to analyze formation and development of the professional technical education system in Poland during the 16th - 19th centuries in the general context of socio-economic changes taking place in Europe at that time. The research methodology is based on combination of heuristic approach and historical reconstruction of the events under study. A historical-systemic analysis of the organization of professional technical education in Poland was applied based on a retrospective study of the main educational trends of that time in the context of key socio-political events. The scientific novelty lies in the implementation of integrated comparative analysis of the almost four-hundred-year (16th – 19th centuries) evolution of the Polish system of professional training of specialists in technical specialties in the context of pan-European educational trends. The study highlights the provisions on general trends in the organization of professional education in contemporary Poland, as well as its ability to function effectively and accumulate human capital in the conditions of changing economy. Conclusions. Historical and pedagogical analysis of the development of the professional technical education system in Poland during the 16th - 19th centuries in the general context of European socio-economic changes allowed the authors to identify its institutional and structural changes, assess the factors of efficiency and compliance with contemporary approaches to the organization of professional training. The authors prove that professional technical education in Poland as a social institution developed historically due to the significant influence of socio-economic reasons and material production and evolved in accordance with changes in organization of social life at different stages of the country’s hist…
subject: Original articles
  topic: section
subject: historical and pedagogical analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Poland
  topic: keywords
subject: industrial development
  topic: keywords
subject: vocational education
  topic: keywords
subject: professional technical education
  topic: keywords
creator: Alla M. Kolomiiets
creator: Stanisław Juszczyk
creator: Ievgen V. Gromov
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Copyright Holder Not Found https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2026-06-01
publication date: 2026-06-01
starting page: 29
ending page: 41
doi: 10.31652/2411-2143-2026-56-29-41

Between return and sovietization: the struggle of the Berehove jewish community for the Great synagogue (1945–1969)
type: item
description: Section: Original articles Keywords: Berehove, Jews, Israelites, synagogue, Sovietization, Soviet regime, Holocaust survivors The aim of the article was to present, in chronological order and from a historical perspective, the Israelite religious community of Berehove, whose members constituted one third of the town’s population up until the mid-twentieth century. Consequently, they made significant contributions to Berehove’s economic, cultural, and public life. In this study, we explore the period from the end of the Second World War up to the loss of the community’s Great Synagogue, examining the process on a historical plane. The research methodology is based on a combination of general scientific and specific historical methods. Given the limited scholarly coverage of the topic, we conducted primary source research, drawing on unpublished archival documents, the recollections of former Jewish residents of the town, as well as contemporary press reports used as control sources. The scholarly novelty of this work lies in the fact that that question – approached from this perspective and for this particular period – has not previously been examined in either domestic or international historiography. Therefore, we contend that our study fills an existing gap. Conclusions. It can be established that although more than six thousand Jewish inhabitants of Berehove were deported during the Second World War and the Holocaust, the Jewish community did not disappear from the town. This is evidenced by the registration of the Berehove Israelite Orthodox Community in the spring of 1945, in accordance with Soviet expectations, and by the efforts of returnees to reclaim their houses, apartments, and personal property. The new authorities, however, often looked upon the survivors returning from the death camps with distrust, seemingly uneasy about their presence, as families resettled from the Verkhovyna highlands had been placed in their formerly abandoned homes after 1944. Ne…
subject: Original articles
  topic: section
subject: Berehove
  topic: keywords
subject: Jews
  topic: keywords
subject: Israelites
  topic: keywords
subject: synagogue
  topic: keywords
subject: Sovietization
  topic: keywords
subject: Soviet regime
  topic: keywords
subject: Holocaust survivors
  topic: keywords
creator: Ibolya I. Szamborovszky-Nagy
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Vinnytsia Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi State Pedagogical University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2026-06-01
publication date: 2026-06-01
starting page: 112
ending page: 119
doi: 10.31652/2411-2143-2026-56-112-119

The "soviet-style" principle of church-state separation: based on an analysis of top-secret documents of the State Political Directorate (GPU) and the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Ukraine CP(b)U
type: item
description: Section: Original articles Keywords: Cheka–GPU, NKVD of the Ukrainian SSR, Soviet secularism, party-state control, operational activities, recruitment, covert surveillance The purpose of this article is to verify the concept widespread in historiography that interprets the Bolshevik secularization of the 1920s as a “legal” or “formal-legal” process, as well as to identify the mechanisms through which the proclaimed state neutrality toward the institution of the church was transformed into a system of administrative and operational control over it. Research methodology is based on a combination of general scientific methods (analysis and synthesis; inductive and deductive reasoning) and special historical approaches (historical-logical and systemic-structural methods). Scientific novelty of the study lies in the integrated analysis of the restrictions imposed by Soviet legislation in the religious sphere (nationalization of church property, deprivation of legal personality of religious organizations, the system of standard contracts, and registration procedures) together with a reconstruction of the covert, agent-based dimension of this policy implemented by the bodies of the Cheka-GPU. Conclusions. The article demonstrates that the principle of the separation of church and state proclaimed by the Soviet authorities was purely declarative and did not correspond to the actual practice of state-church relations. Based on the analysis of top-secret documents of the GPU and the CP(b)U, it is shown that “separation” functioned rather as a system of managed legalization, within which formal legal mechanisms were combined with covert operational control. The registration of religious communities, standard agreements for the use of property, and various authorization procedures were employed as instruments of selection, filtering, and subordination of religious organizations to party-state policy. A particularly important role in this process was played by the agent infiltra…
subject: Original articles
  topic: section
subject: Cheka–GPU
  topic: keywords
subject: NKVD of the Ukrainian SSR
  topic: keywords
subject: Soviet secularism
  topic: keywords
subject: party-state control
  topic: keywords
subject: operational activities
  topic: keywords
subject: recruitment
  topic: keywords
subject: covert surveillance
  topic: keywords
creator: Oleksandr O. Korotaiev
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Copyright Holder Not Found https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2026-06-01
publication date: 2026-06-01
starting page: 86
ending page: 96
doi: 10.31652/2411-2143-2026-56-86-96

Ukrainian topics on the pages of official publications of the universities of Kyiv, Kharkiv and Odessa: the second half of the 19th – the beginning of the 20th century
type: item
description: Section: Original articles Keywords: history of Ukraine in the 19th and early 20th centuries, national question, political history, periodical, censorship The purpose of the study is – based on a thorough study of issues of official printed periodicals of the universities of Kyiv, Kharkiv and Odessa for the second half of the 19th – early 20th centuries, to identify articles related to Ukrainian history, language and culture; to find out the frequency of such publications and to what extent their content was consistent with the then-current policy of the imperial authorities, to show, based on the frequency of the presence of Ukrainian topics on the pages of “University News” and “Notes” of the universities of Kharkiv and Odessa, the existence of an anti-Ukrainian policy of the Russian authorities. The research methodology is based on a complex of general scientific and special historical methods. Among them, the key role was played by the methods of analysis, induction and deduction, as well as problem-chronological, historical-psychological, and comparative-historical. The scientific novelty lies in the introduction into scientific circulation of materials on the Ukrainian language, history, and culture that were published on the pages of the “University Bulletins” and “Notes” of the universities of Kharkiv and Odessa of the specified period, which were ignored by researchers. At the same time, attention is drawn to the diverse thematic potential of these types of sources. Conclusions. The analyzed materials confirm the dominance of anti-Ukrainian orientation in the politics of the Russian Empire. At the same time, it was established that despite the official status of the studied periodicals, they sometimes contained materials on Ukrainian topics that were written in a spirit that did not correspond to the imperial policy towards Ukraine. Therefore, they testify to the corresponding position on the Ukrainian issue of their authors, which enriches the study of the…
subject: Original articles
  topic: section
subject: history of Ukraine in the 19th and early 20th centuries
  topic: keywords
subject: national question
  topic: keywords
subject: political history
  topic: keywords
subject: periodical
  topic: keywords
subject: censorship
  topic: keywords
creator: Andrii I. Chutkyi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Vinnytsia Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi State Pedagogical University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2026-06-01
publication date: 2026-06-01
starting page: 55
ending page: 67
doi: 10.31652/2411-2143-2026-56-55-67

The transformation of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Lithuania, 1990 – 2025: personnel and structure
type: item
description: Section: Original articles Keywords: Armed Forces, Republic of Lithuania, Baltic States, transformation, modernization, structure, personnel, demographics This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the transformation of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Lithuania in 1990–2025. The aim of the study is to identify the principal trends in the development of Lithuania's military system from the restoration of state independence to the present stage, taking into account personnel and structural changes. The theoretical framework of the study is based on the concept of military power as the sum of interrelated elements: the will of the army and society to resist and military concepts and organizational structure. These elements are further influenced by “force multipliers,” including political factors and allied commitments. The theoretical approach focuses on explaining long-term transformation processes; particular attention is paid to motivation, structural changes, and demographic constraints. The methodology combines general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, and generalization) with specialized historical methods, applying a comparative approach within the broader Baltic regional context. In addition, quantitative data analysis is employed, particularly in assessing demographic indicators and changes in the personnel structure. The article also applies an institutional and organizational level of analysis, examining the evolution of the structure of brigades, battalions, and forces. In this way, the study combines a conceptual theoretical model and empirical data analysis in order to reveal the logic of the army's transformation over more than three decades. The source base consists of official statistical data, legal acts, and materials of the Ministry of National Defence of Lithuania. The scientific novelty of the study lies in its systematic interpretation of more than three decades of continuous transformation of the Lithuanian Armed Forces as an …
subject: Original articles
  topic: section
subject: Armed Forces
  topic: keywords
subject: Republic of Lithuania
  topic: keywords
subject: Baltic States
  topic: keywords
subject: transformation
  topic: keywords
subject: modernization
  topic: keywords
subject: structure
  topic: keywords
subject: personnel
  topic: keywords
subject: demographics
  topic: keywords
creator: Vytautas Jokubauskas
creator: Artem M. Petryk
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Copyright Holder Not Found https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2026-06-01
publication date: 2026-06-01
starting page: 154
ending page: 169
doi: 10.31652/2411-2143-2026-56-154-169

Market reforms in Ukraine’s agriculture: historiography of the issue
type: item
description: Section: Original articles Keywords: historiography, source base, land relations, agricultural market reforms, organizational and economic structures, peasantry, farming The purpose of the article is to analyze the historiographical achievements of domestic scholars in researching market reforms in Ukraine's agriculture during the second half of the 1980s and the mid-1990s, to determine the contribution of scientific institutions to its development, and to draw researchers' attention to directions for further scientific inquiry. The methodological framework of the study is based on the principles of historicism, consistency, and a comprehensive approach, as well as general scientific and specialized methods of historical science. The use of the historical approach allowed for tracing the process of knowledge accumulation in scientific research, the expansion of their themes, and the trend towards an increasing number of scholars in all regions of Ukraine involved in the study of modern agrarian issues. The problem-chronological method enabled an analysis of historical literature from the perspective of all its components and the prioritization of existing scientific problems. The scientific novelty lies in the comprehensive analysis of accumulated historiographical knowledge regarding key problems of market reforms in agriculture. The study expands the understanding of achievements and unresolved issues, proving that the historiography of the scientific problem centers around such fundamental areas as the formation and functioning of new organizational and economic structures, the transformation of land relations, and the introduction of the agricultural land market. Conclusions. The study demonstrated that since the late 1980s, historiographical knowledge on the topic of market reforms in Ukraine's agriculture has been steadily accumulating. The results of scientific research have been published in articles, monographs, and dissertations, enriching the source base.…
subject: Original articles
  topic: section
subject: historiography
  topic: keywords
subject: source base
  topic: keywords
subject: land relations
  topic: keywords
subject: agricultural market reforms
  topic: keywords
subject: organizational and economic structures
  topic: keywords
subject: peasantry
  topic: keywords
subject: farming
  topic: keywords
creator: Pavlo S. Korinenko
creator: Nazar I. Savytskyi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Copyright Holder Not Found https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2026-06-01
publication date: 2026-06-01
starting page: 143
ending page: 153
doi: 10.31652/2411-2143-2026-56-143-153

Mosaics in the design of bus stops in Soviet Ukraine (late 1960s – early 1990s): historical and cultural context
type: item
description: Section: Original articles Keywords: mosaics, Soviet cultural heritage, monumental art, ceramic tile, smalt, bus stops, small architectural forms The aim of the article is to analyze the historical and cultural factors that determined the use of monumental decorative mosaics in the design of bus stops in Soviet Ukraine in the late 1960s to the early 1990s. Among the main objectives is an attempt to identify how and why the implementation of the Soviet state road construction program in the Ukrainian SSR resulted in outcomes that were distinctly “national in form”. The methodological framework of the study is based on historical and cultural analysis, as well as the approaches and tools of postcolonial criticism, including the deconstruction of the Soviet narrative and the reinterpretation of national identity. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the comprehensive analysis of the historical and cultural context of the creation of mosaics at bus stops in Soviet Ukraine. Conclusions. The results of the study confirm that the mosaics of bus stop pavilions of the late 1960s to the early 1990s constitute a significant phenomenon in Ukrainian culture, as they combine the language of Soviet modernism with national features of Ukrainian visual culture. It appears appropriate to consider this phenomenon from several perspectives: as a material manifestation of the implementation of the Soviet state's socio-economic policy; as an original form of national visual and artistic expression under conditions of increasing Soviet unification; and as an expression of small-scale economic and artistic entrepreneurial interaction between local organizations and practitioners. The choice of mosaics for decorating roadside small architectural forms was determined by several factors: first, the availability of raw materials and production capacities for ceramic tiles and smalt used in mosaic production; second, the preservation of the traditions of the Ukrainian school of monumen…
subject: Original articles
  topic: section
subject: mosaics
  topic: keywords
subject: Soviet cultural heritage
  topic: keywords
subject: monumental art
  topic: keywords
subject: ceramic tile
  topic: keywords
subject: smalt
  topic: keywords
subject: bus stops
  topic: keywords
subject: small architectural forms
  topic: keywords
creator: Tetiana R. Karoyeva
creator: Olha A. Koliastruk
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Vinnytsia Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi State Pedagogical University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2026-06-01
publication date: 2026-06-01
starting page: 120
ending page: 129
doi: 10.31652/2411-2143-2026-56-120-129

Abuse of power by the bolshevik-soviet leadership at the district level in 1946 (a case study of Vinnytsia region)
type: item
description: Section: Original articles Keywords: district-level leadership, local officials, corruption, crime, Famine of 1946–1947, Soviet violence, prosecutor's office, criminal investigation, collective farm chairman The aim of the article is to analyze the conduct of party-Soviet officials at the district level in 1946 through the prism of violations of “socialist legality,” including corruption, bribery, and violence against the rural population of Vinnytsia region. Methodology. The study is grounded in the principles of scholarly rigor and historicism and employs general scientific methods such as analysis, synthesis, and generalization. The analysis and interpretation of the behavior of the district-level administrative apparatus are based on a combination of problem-chronological, comparative-historical, and historical-critical approaches, which make it possible to identify the motives behind abuses of power and their consequences for those involved. Scientific novelty. Drawing on archival materials introduced into scholarly circulation for the first time, the article seeks to demonstrate the principal methods and forms of violence exercised against collective farm peasants in 1946, as well as to analyze documented cases of abuse of office by authorities, particularly in the form of bribery and corruption aimed at personal enrichment. Conclusions. Based on Communist Party documents from 1946, the study examines the inherently criminal nature of the activities of district-level officials in Vinnytsia region. Exploiting their official positions, the ruling “elite,” under conditions of an artificially induced famine, enriched themselves at the expense of the peasantry, engaged in corruption and bribery, and resorted to physical violence. The documents indicate that, in many cases, the regime deliberately ignored such criminal practices and failed to respond appropriately. Under the extreme conditions of 1946, the gravest offense in the eyes of the Stalinist regime remained…
subject: Original articles
  topic: section
subject: district-level leadership
  topic: keywords
subject: local officials
  topic: keywords
subject: corruption
  topic: keywords
subject: crime
  topic: keywords
subject: Famine of 1946–1947
  topic: keywords
subject: Soviet violence
  topic: keywords
subject: prosecutor's office
  topic: keywords
subject: criminal investigation
  topic: keywords
subject: collective farm chairman
  topic: keywords
creator: Pavlo M. Kravchenko
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Vinnytsia Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi State Pedagogical University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2026-06-01
publication date: 2026-06-01
starting page: 104
ending page: 111
doi: 10.31652/2411-2143-2026-56-104-111

Education of the Jewish population of Podillia in the 19th century
type: item
description: Section: Original articles Keywords: Jewish nationality, education, Podillia, schools The purpose of the article is to analyze the processes of formation and development of education in the Podolsk province, in particular, among the Jewish population, to carry out a comprehensive analysis of the activities of Jewish schools at the end of the 19th century. The research methodology is based on a combination of general scientific (analysis, synthesis, generalization) and special historical (historical-genetic, historical-typological, historical-systemic) methods with the principles of historicism, systematicity, scientificity and verification. The scientific novelty lies in the thorough study, based on archival documents and other groups of sources, of the history of the development of education by Jewish children, the opening of educational institutions for them, and the activities of Jewish schools in the Podolsk province, which began operating in the second half of the 19th century. Conclusions. Since the time of socio-economic transformations in the life of the Russian Empire, corresponding processes have been taking place in the educational sphere. In general, in the state, including in the Podolsk province, educational institutions of various directions are gradually opening. These are primary schools, gymnasiums, schools (state, private), and theological seminaries. Thanks to the information and analytical-synthetic methods of research on this topic, the process of forming education among the Jewish population in the second half of the 19th century in Podillia is considered. The main problems that arose due to the discriminatory norm established by the government when entering Jewish children into gymnasiums and higher educational institutions are highlighted, which did not allow all those who wanted to receive secondary and higher education. We are making an attempt to analyze that due to the fact that Jews were the third or fourth largest population in the Rus…
subject: Original articles
  topic: section
subject: Jewish nationality
  topic: keywords
subject: education
  topic: keywords
subject: Podillia
  topic: keywords
subject: schools
  topic: keywords
creator: Svitlana S. Bogatchuk
creator: Olena M. Ihnatova
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Copyright Holder Not Found https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2026-06-01
publication date: 2026-06-01
starting page: 42
ending page: 54
doi: 10.31652/2411-2143-2026-56-42-54

Cossacks and monarchs: the Zaporozhians at the dawn of «Sich» history
type: item
description: Section: Original articles Keywords: Zaporozhian Cossacks, Cossacks, monarchs, Ukraine, international relations, Zaporizhian Sich The purpose of this article is to highlight the establishment of international relations between Zaporizhzhia leaders and rulers of neighboring states against the backdrop of the struggle for political influence in the Eastern European region. It is noted that this was due to the growth of the Cossack population and the revival of its participation in the socio-political life of Ukraine during the second half of the 16th century. The research methodology is based on a combination of general scientific research principles and specific historical methods: problem-chronological, comparative-historical, and historical-systemic. The scientific novelty of the study lies in its comprehensive coverage of the positions of the leaders of the Zaporizhzhia Cossacks and neighboring monarchs regarding the motivation for their relations. Conclusions. The founding of the Zaporizhzhya Sich became a significant factor in the genesis of international relations of the Ukrainian Cossacks. Іt emerged as a powerful deterrent to the aggression of Tatar nomads on the southern border. At the same time, the emergence of authoritative Cossack leaders in the Sich there led to of the Zaporizhzhya Army's diplomatic contacts with other states. Among them, Moldova, Muscovy Austria and the Ottoman Empire became priorities. Among them, Moldova, Muscovy, the Holy Roman Empire, and the Ottoman Empire became priorities. Through the efforts of the brave Zaporizhian knights of Dmytro Vyshnevetskyi, Ivan Pidkova, Jan Oryshovskyi, Bohdan Mykoshynskyi and others, the Ukrainian Cossacks established themselves as a subject of international relations on the European stage.
subject: Original articles
  topic: section
subject: Zaporozhian Cossacks
  topic: keywords
subject: Cossacks
  topic: keywords
subject: monarchs
  topic: keywords
subject: Ukraine
  topic: keywords
subject: international relations
  topic: keywords
subject: Zaporizhian Sich
  topic: keywords
creator: Vitalii O. Shcherbak
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Copyright Holder Not Found https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2026-06-01
publication date: 2026-06-01
starting page: 21
ending page: 28
doi: 10.31652/2411-2143-2026-56-21-28

https://intranet.vspu.edu.ua/nzhist/index.php/nzhist/article/view/1165
type: item
title: The Tereshky coin and material hoard (2025) as a source for studying the monetary circulation in the settlements of the Chernyakhiv culture during the Gothic-Roman wars and the crisis of the Roman Empire of the 3rd-century AD
description: Section: Original articles Keywords: Roman Empire, Chernyakhiv culture, Gothic-Roman wars, coin and material hoard, denarius, antoninian, dupondium, sestertius The purpose of the new scientific research was to comprehensively analyze and introduce into the scientific circulation a new Roman coin-material hoard of the 2nd-early 4th centuries AD, discovered in the fall of 2025 in a garden near the village of Tereshky, Zhmerynka (former Bar) district, Vinnytsia region. The research methodology is based on the widespread use of the scientific principles during the study of the Tereshky Treasure 2025: historicism, objectivity, reliability. When studying the numismatic material, the methods of comparing coin finds with the catalogues, visual and stamp analysis, chronological, weighing and measuring were used. The scientific novelty lies in the value of studying the rare in composition and understudied treasures of the 3rd – early 4th centuries consisting of the Roman coins, in particular antoninians from the period of the Gothic-Roman wars and the crisis of the Roman Empire of the 3rd century. Conclusions. Having examined 9 Roman coins, including 6 coins of the so-called “soldier emperor”: Gordian III, Philip I, Trebonial Gallus, Claudius Gothicus, Aurelian, Maximian, we discovered the close connection between the policy of these Roman emperors and the Gothic-Slavic population of the Chernyakhiv settlements between the Dniester and Southern Buh rivers. The author of the research, analyzing the Roman antoninians, the composition of the metal, and their state of preservation, concludes that there were intense economic and political crisis processes in the Roman society during the Gothic-Roman wars of the 30s-70s of the 3rd century AD which led to the devaluation of the main monetary units of the Roman coins: gold aurei, silver denarii, billon antoninians, brass sesterces and dupondii and the accumulation of full-fledged gold and silver coins in the treasuries. At the end of…
subject: Original articles
  topic: section
subject: Roman Empire
  topic: keywords
subject: Chernyakhiv culture
  topic: keywords
subject: Gothic-Roman wars
  topic: keywords
subject: coin and material hoard
  topic: keywords
subject: denarius
  topic: keywords
subject: antoninian
  topic: keywords
subject: dupondium
  topic: keywords
subject: sestertius
  topic: keywords
creator: Oleksiy A. Bаkаlets’
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Copyright Holder Not Found https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2026-06-01
publication date: 2026-06-01
starting page: 9
ending page: 20
doi: 10.31652/2411-2143-2026-56-9-20

https://intranet.vspu.edu.ua/nzhist/index.php/nzhist/article/view/1185
type: item
title: Intelligence gathering and state secret protection services of the Ottoman Empire in the 16th century (Review of the publication: Gurkan E. S. The Sultan's Spies: Intelligence, Sabotage, and Corruption Networks of the 16th Century. Lviv: Annetta Antonenko Publishers; Kyiv: Nika - Center, 2023. 320 p.)
description: Section: Original articles Keywords: E. S. Gürkan, Ottoman Empire, Ottoman intelligence and counterintelligence, imperial rivalry The article reviews the research of Emrah Safa Gürkan, a leading Turkish historian, academic, and writer specializing in the history of the Ottoman Empire and diplomacy, titled The Sultan's Spies: Intelligence, Sabotage, and Corruption Networks of the 16th Century. The book examines the activities of the 16th-century Ottoman secret services regarding intelligence gathering and the protection of state secrets amidst intense imperial rivalry and the great powers' ambitions to expand their influence into new territories. It is highlighted that the researcher traces the significance of intelligence in the course of Ottoman military events and reconstructs the methods and outcomes of special agencies' operations during the fierce competition for global leadership. Particular attention is paid to the author’s ability to thoroughly analyze and represent the activities of intelligence and counterintelligence, portrayed as a complex, multi-layered system of agents, personal connections, and informal networks that utilized merchants, sailors, corsairs, diplomats, pilgrims, and travelers for data collection. Based on E. S. Gürkan’s work, which is built upon an extensive documentary corpus from the archives of Turkey, Spain, Italy, and Austria, the article concludes that the book traces the activities of key figures in the Ottoman political and military spheres, special agencies, and intelligence and counterintelligence networks within the context of foreign espionage and the maintenance of internal security.
subject: Original articles
  topic: section
subject: E. S. Gürkan
  topic: keywords
subject: Ottoman Empire
  topic: keywords
subject: Ottoman intelligence and counterintelligence
  topic: keywords
subject: imperial rivalry
  topic: keywords
creator: Oleksandr M. Kravchuk
creator: Yurii A. Zinko
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Vinnytsia Mykhailo Kotsiubinskyi State Pedagogical University https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2026-06-01
publication date: 2026-06-01
starting page: 215
ending page: 218
doi: 10.31652/2411-2143-2026-56-215-219

The struggle for the hetman's mace after the death of Ivan Skoropadsky (1722–1727)
type: item
description: Section: Original articles Keywords: Hetmanate, Petro I., P. Polubotok, D. Apostol, P. Orlyk, Hetman government The purpose of the article is to examine the struggle between representatives of various groups of Cossack leaders in the Hetmanate and beyond for the hetmanate government after the death of I. Skoropadsky. This Ukrainian resistance occurred during a tragic period in the history of the Ukrainian Cossack state, when Peter I intensified his attack on its rights, attempting to eliminate the hetmanate and replace it with the rule of an imperial institution – the Little Russian Collegium. Even during a certain liberalisation of Ukrainian politics by the governments of Catherine I and Peter II, the strategic goal of the Moscow rulers remained unchanged – to transform the Hetmanate into one of the provinces of the Russian state. The article highlights the opposition to this Moscow offensive by Cossack leaders, who balanced between defending the autonomy of the Hetmanate and realising their ambitions for power. One of the important components of the Cossack elite's resistance to imperial pressure was the desire to restore the hetmanate as an important attribute of the autonomy of the Cossack state. The research methodology is based on a combination of the principles of historicism, objectivity, polyfactoriality and systematicity with general scientific principles (generalization, synthesis and analysis) and special-historical (problem-chronological, historical-comparative) research methods, which created conditions for an unbiased interpretation of the course of historical processes. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the comprehensive study and comparative analysis of the power aspirations of P. Polubotka, D. Apostol, and P. Orlyk against the background of the Cossack elders' resistance to imperial pressure. The author attempted to characterize a number of aspects of the struggle for the hetman's mace by representatives of various groups of Cossack offic…
subject: Original articles
  topic: section
subject: Hetmanate, Petro I., P. Polubotok, D. Apostol, P. Orlyk, Hetman government
  topic: keywords
creator: Oleksandr Kryvoruchko
creator: Sviatoslav Danylenko
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Oleksandr Kryvoruchko, Sviatoslav Danylenko https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-03-09
publication date: 2026-03-09
starting page: 37
ending page: 46
doi: 10.31652/2411-2143-2026-55-37-46

Reception of Mykhailo Hrushevskyi's "History of Ukraine-Rus" in modern Ukrainian historiography
type: item
description: Section: Source studies, historiography, methodology Keywords: M. Hrushevskyi, "History of Ukraine-Rus", modern Ukrainian historiography, reception The purpose of the study is to reconstruct the process of understanding M. Hrushevskyi's "History of Ukraine-Rus" in modern Ukrainian historiography. The research methodology involves the use of the principles of objectivity, historicism, and systematicity, as well as general scientific and special-historical methods typical for historiographical research. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the study of the little-known problem of the reception of M. Hrushevskyi's "History of Ukraine-Rus" in the historiography of the late 20th - early 21st centuries. Conclusions. The article has concluded that the research of M. Hrushevskyi's main work has acquired unprecedented intensity during the last three decades. This was facilitated by wider-scale publishing work - the mass reprinting of the original and English-language versions of "History of Ukraine-Rus" made it available to a wide range of readers and researchers. As a result, numerous different-format studies of individual problems and nuances of the grand narrative (historiosophical, methodological, problem-thematic, etc.) as well as attempts to understand it holistically in the context of the progress of Ukrainian studies at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 21st centuries appeared. These studies convincingly showed "History of Ukraine-Rus" as the most significant historical work for Ukrainian historiography, which metaphorically established the title of "historical passport of the Ukrainian people". At the same time, the mentioned intensity of research reflection makes it possible to outline further historiographical perspectives. Thus, the work on the contextualization of the historiographical ideas and problems of the multivolume work is far from finished. For example, a special elucidation of the specifics of the establishment of the Sobornist ideo…
subject: Source studies, historiography, methodology
  topic: section
subject: M. Hrushevskyi, "History of Ukraine-Rus", modern Ukrainian historiography, reception
  topic: keywords
creator: Liubomyr Dutko
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Liubomyr Dutko https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-06-19
publication date: 2024-06-19
starting page: 114
ending page: 124
doi: 10.31652/2411-2143-2024-48-114-124

Where is the police?: large and small escapes of employees of the internal affairs organizations of the Ukrainian SSR in 1985–1991
type: item
description: Section: Original articles Keywords: perestoika, perebudova, Ukrainian SSR, police officers, Ministry of Internal Affairs, organized criminal groups The attempts to reform society from above, which the USSR leadership implemented, changed the place, role, and status of MVD employees in society. These were unplanned and unexpected changes that led to negative consequences for the security situation in the country. The purpose of this article is to analyze the social, political, and behavioral practices of ordinary police officers in the Ukrainian SSR in 1985–1991 and to study the changes in their motives and life scenarios during the rapid decline of the communist Soviet system.The methodological basis of the analysis is the concept of agency, applied through the analysis of archival sources, newspaper publications, and ego documents, which allow us to see police officers as subjects of political and social processes. Scientific novelty. The activities of the employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Ukrainian SSR are examined as an important factor in the collapse of the communist system. Conclusions. Police officers were involved in numerous practices that did not lead to raising their authority in society. Despite the truly heroic deeds of a whole cohort of police officers of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs, the reputation of the agency and ordinary police officers only tended to become more negative. On the other hand, the conditions for police officers' work got worse every year, and their workload got heavier. Trying to solve their financial and reputation problems, officers used different, sometimes totally opposite practices. Some of them continued to act according to the “old rules,” in which the police acted not as a law enforcement service, but as a purely repressive organization. Others demanded change and were ready to initiate it themselves: they created trade unions, left the Communist Party, and called for the depoliticization of the …
subject: Original articles
  topic: section
subject: perestoika, perebudova, Ukrainian SSR, police officers, Ministry of Internal Affairs, organized criminal groups
  topic: keywords
creator: Olena Stiazhkina
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Olena Stiazhkina https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-11
publication date: 2025-12-11
starting page: 171
ending page: 187
doi: 10.31652/2411-2143-2025-54-171-187

The position of the People's Republic of China on the russian-ukrainian war: foreign policy concepts and strategic interests
type: item
description: Section: Original articles Keywords: cooperation, security, global initiatives, russian aggression, strategic dialogue The purpose of the article is to conduct a thorough analysis of China's foreign policy in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war in order to form a clear understanding of Beijing's motives regarding its position in relation to Russian aggression against Ukraine, to consider China's main foreign policy concepts and priorities, to clarify China's relations with Western countries and to develop recommendations for Ukraine in order to incline Beijing to a more pro-Ukrainian position. The research methodology is based on a combination of general scientific (analysis, synthesis, generalization) and specifically historical (historical-genetic, historical-typological, historical-systemic) methods with the principles of historicism, systematicity, scientificity and verification. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the analysis and systematization of China's main foreign policy concepts, on the basis of which a generalized conclusion is made about the country's strategic foreign policy course and its position regarding the Russian-Ukrainian war. Conclusions. It is clarified that China is persistently implementing global initiatives, positioning itself as a responsible player on the world stage. In relation to the United States, Chinese leaders pursue a “big country” policy and try to talk with Washington on an equal footing. In relation to the Russian-Ukrainian war, Beijing takes a restrained position, avoiding criticism of the Russian Federation and demonstrating its commitment to international law. It is proven that China’s relations with the Russian Federation are strategic in nature, therefore Beijing is not interested in isolating moscow and imposing sanctions against it. It is found that China and Ukraine have strategic partnership relations and close trade relations. It is emphasized that relations between the two countries are important. In …
subject: Original articles
  topic: section
subject: cooperation, security, global initiatives, russian aggression, strategic dialogue
  topic: keywords
creator: Oleh Oliinyk
creator: Oleksandr Marushchenko
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Oleh Oliinyk, Oleksandr Marushchenko https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-03-13
publication date: 2026-03-13
starting page: 206
ending page: 218
doi: 10.31652/2411-2143-2026-55-206-218

Russian propaganda narratives against Ukraine: cognitive structure and strategic functions (2014–2025)
type: item
description: Section: Original articles Keywords: hybrid warfare, disinformation, cognitive operations, propaganda narratives, Russian propaganda, strategic communications The purpose of this article is to analyze key Russian propaganda narratives used as instruments of cognitive aggression against Ukraine in 2014–2025. The study focuses on identifying their functional purpose, ideological heritage, and role in legitimizing the Russian Federation's military aggression. The methodological basis of the publication is based on structural-analytical and comparative approaches, as well as the generalization of the results of published studies of Russian information campaigns in political, media, and diplomatic discourse. The scientific novelty of the work lies in its approach to Russian propaganda narratives as an integrated system of cognitive operations that shape the boundaries of perception, emotional reactions, and the logic of political decision-making, and makes it possible to trace their evolution and ideological continuity during 2014–2025. Conclusions. The article shows that basic Russian propaganda narratives (“Nazi regime”, “one people,” “illegitimate government,” “war with NATO,” inversion of guilt) form a stable semantic framework within which the Russian Federation's military aggression against Ukraine is presented as necessary, morally justified, and historically determined. These narratives perform a number of complementary functions. These are the legitimization of violence, the mobilization of Russian society, the neutralization of the aggressor state's responsibility, and the disorientation of external audiences. All of the above narratives are systemic and reproducible. They draw on the ideological legacy of the Soviet and imperial periods and function as elements of the Russian Federation’s targeted cognitive operations. Beyond their immediate propaganda role, these narratives are intended to shape long-term patterns of perception and interpretation. In the cont…
subject: Original articles
  topic: section
subject: hybrid warfare, disinformation, cognitive operations, propaganda narratives, Russian propaganda, strategic communications
  topic: keywords
creator: Vadym Bespeka
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Вадим Беспека https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-03-13
publication date: 2026-03-13
starting page: 195
ending page: 205
doi: 10.31652/2411-2143-2026-55-195-205

Commemorative coins of Ukraine (1999–2005) in the transformation of the memory discourse of the “Great Patriotic War”
type: item
description: Section: Original articles Keywords: visual narrative; decolonization of the memory space; “Great Patriotic War”; Second World War; compromise model of memory; Ukrainian commemorative coins The article examines the visual-semantic, iconographic, and textual codes of Ukrainian commemorative coins issued in 1999–2005 within the context of the transformation of the discourse of memory of the 1941–1945 war. The aim of the study is to provide a comprehensive analysis of Ukrainian commemorative coins of 1999–2005 as a numismatic source for identifying the mechanisms of inertial adaptation of the Soviet memorial narrative under the conditions of the formation of the state memory policy of independent Ukraine. In this context, the authors determine the institutional conditions of coin production and circulation, analyze their iconography and textual legends, identify the correlation between Soviet and Ukrainocentric semantic codes, and trace the dynamics of the transformation of the commemorative discourse of the “Great Patriotic War” during 1999–2005. The methodology and research methods are based on an interdisciplinary approach combining numismatic analysis, visual history, and historical memory studies (memory studies). The research employs methods of iconographic and stylistic analysis, semiotic analysis, discourse analysis of textual legends, as well as comparative-historical and contextual methods. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the analysis of Ukrainian commemorative coins of 1999–2005 as indicators of a transitional stage in state memory policy, which combined post-Soviet visual-semantic inertia with limited attempts at national semantic transformation. Conclusions. The article demonstrates that Ukrainian commemorative coins issued in 1999–2005 and dedicated to the events of the Second World War reflect the transitional and internally contradictory character of the state memory policy. They combine the new state identity of independent Ukraine with the…
subject: Original articles
  topic: section
subject: visual narrative; decolonization of the memory space; “Great Patriotic War”; Second World War; compromise model of memory; Ukrainian commemorative coins
  topic: keywords
creator: Oleksandr Potylchak
creator: Olha Olha Perepeliuk
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Oleksandr Potylchak, Olha Olha Perepeliuk https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-03-12
publication date: 2026-03-12
starting page: 161
ending page: 172
doi: 10.31652/2411-2143-2026-55-161-172

Transformation of organisational learning in the German Armed Forces: from the Imperial Army to the Bundeswehr (1914–2024)
type: item
description: Section: Original articles Keywords: organisational learning, lessons learned process, organisational (institutional) culture, German Armed Forces, Ukrainian Armed Forces, NATO The article aims to provide a historical and analytical overview of the development of organisational learning in the German Armed Forces from 1914 to 2024. The study covers four key periods: the First World War (1914–1918); the formation of the Reichswehr (1919–1935); the interwar and wartime evolution of the Wehrmacht (1935–1945); and the transformation of the Bundeswehr within NATO’s collective defence framework (1955–2024). The research methodology combines a heuristic approach with a historical reconstruction of the examined events. The source base includes scholarly and military publications, NATO doctrinal documents, and informational materials. The study applies a historical-systemic analysis of lessons learned capability based on a retrospective examination of its seven basic components: four “pillars” (organisational structure, process, tools, and personnel training); a key element (information sharing); and the foundational layer (mindset and leadership). The scientific novelty lies in the integrated comparative analysis of over a century of the German organisational learning model, including the identification and in-depth examination of its core components. The research highlights the main characteristics of institutional resilience and continuity within the German military organisational culture, which have ensured its capacity for systemic adaptation, innovation, and inheritance of best practices. Conclusions. The military-historical analysis of learning practices in German military organisations revealed key institutional and structural transformations, enabling an assessment of their effectiveness and alignment with contemporary approaches. The findings have practical and scholarly significance, providing a methodological foundation for enhancing the NATO-compatible Lessons L…
subject: Original articles
  topic: section
subject: organisational learning, lessons learned process, organisational (institutional) culture, German Armed Forces, Ukrainian Armed Forces, NATO
  topic: keywords
creator: Yuriy Pashchuk
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Yuriy Pashchuk https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-03-12
publication date: 2026-03-12
starting page: 173
ending page: 182
doi: 10.31652/2411-2143-2026-55-173-182

The position of the roman catholic church in Vinnytsia region in the late 1940s – early 1950s (based on reports of the regional council for religious affairs)
type: item
description: Section: Original articles Keywords: Roman Catholic Church, religious life, Council for Religious Affairs, Stalinist totalitarianism, Ukrainian SSR, Vinnytsia region The purpose of the study is to analyze, based on materials from the Vinnytsia branch of the Council for Religious Affairs under the Council of Ministers of the USSR, the state of functioning of the Catholic denomination in the Vinnytsia region; to trace the specifics of relations between the authorities, the Catholic clergy, and parishioners; to determine to what extent Catholic believers in the postwar period were able to exercise their right to freedom of religion and what survival practices they adopted under the peak of Stalinist totalitarianism; and to characterize the sentiments of the faithful. The research methodology combines general scientific and historical methods, the main ones being generalization, problem-chronological, historical-systemic, and comparative-historical approaches. Considerable attention is given to statistical analysis in tracing the dynamics of the number of religious communities and to content analysis of the reports of the Commissioner of the Council for Religious Affairs under the Council of Ministers of the USSR for the Vinnytsia region. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that, for the first time, archival materials of reports and analytical memoranda of the Commissioner of the Council for Religious Affairs for the Vinnytsia region have been introduced into scholarly circulation, allowing for an analysis of the state of the Catholic community in Vinnytsia region during 1945–1952. Conclusions. The activity of the Catholic Church in the Vinnytsia region during the postwar period was conditioned by several factors. In particular, the Nazi occupation had revived the life of religious communities, while the Stalinist regime—seeking both to consolidate the population of the USSR and to present itself favorably before the Allies in the anti-Hitler coalition—could not com…
subject: Original articles
  topic: section
subject: Roman Catholic Church, religious life, Council for Religious Affairs, Stalinist totalitarianism, Ukrainian SSR, Vinnytsia region
  topic: keywords
creator: Anatolii Voynarovskyi
creator: Natalka Zhmud
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Anatolii Voynarovskyi, Natalka Zhmud https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-03-12
publication date: 2026-03-12
starting page: 153
ending page: 160
doi: 10.31652/2411-2143-2026-55-153-160

The activities of anti-Soviet emigration in the Prometheus organizationin 1928–1939
type: item
description: Section: Original articles Keywords: anti-Soviet emigration, the concept of Prometheism, Prometheism, Promethean movement, the organization «Prometheus», the «Prometheus» Club, J. Pilsudski, W. Pelc The purpose of the article is to analyze the activities of the Prometheus organization, which was established in Warsaw in 1928 and united non-Russian emigrants of the former Romanov Empire under Polish suzerainty. Its activities developed in line with the concept of Prometheism of the camp of J. Pilsudski, aimed at the dismemberment of the Soviet Union into separate national republics and their unification into a federation with Poland. Special attention in the context of the study is paid to the Ukrainian Petliura emigration, which was assigned the main role in the implementation of the concept of Prometheism. The research methodology is based on the use of general scientific and purely historical research methods, including problem-chronological and comparative-historical approaches. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that using the above methods, the activities of the branches of the Prometheus organization are revealed, in particular in Paris, Helsinki, Istanbul and Harbin. Analysis of the policy of J. Pilsudski and his associates, which was focused on uniting the efforts of anti-Soviet emigration, showed that it had a great-power character and was aimed at building a greater Poland “from sea to sea”. A necessary and sufficient condition for the implementation of these intentions was the liquidation of the USSR with its subsequent division into states semi-dependent on Poland. Thus, Ukraine, Crimea, Georgia, Azerbaijan and other republics were to arise on the national outskirts, united in a federation or confederation with Poland. It was envisaged that the territory of the USSR would be limited to the borders of the Moscow Kingdom of the 16th century. Conclusions. Thus, the Prometheus organization was founded with the aim of practical implementation…
subject: Original articles
  topic: section
subject: anti-Soviet emigration, the concept of Prometheism, Prometheism, Promethean movement, the organization «Prometheus», the «Prometheus» Club, J. Pilsudski, W. Pelc
  topic: keywords
creator: Volodymyr Komar
creator: Anatolii Shvab
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Volodymyr Komar, Anatolii Shvab https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-03-12
publication date: 2026-03-12
starting page: 143
ending page: 152
doi: 10.31652/2411-2143-2026-55-143-152